Menu

Asset Tag: Livestock pathogen

July 7, 2019  |  

Population structure and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 sequence type 25 strains

Strains of serotype 2 Streptococcus suis are responsible for swine and human infections. Different serotype 2 genetic backgrounds have been defined using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). However, little is known about the genetic diversity within each MLST sequence type (ST). Here, we used whole-genome sequencing to test the hypothesis that S. suis serotype 2 strains of the ST25 lineage are genetically heterogeneous. We evaluated 51 serotype 2 ST25 S. suis strains isolated from diseased pigs and humans in Canada, the United States of America, and Thailand. Whole-genome sequencing revealed numerous large-scale rearrangements in the ST25 genome, compared to the genomes of ST1 and ST28 S. suis strains, which result, among other changes, in disruption of a pilus island locus. We report that recombination and lateral gene transfer contribute to ST25 genetic diversity. Phylogenetic analysis identified two main and distinct Thai and North American clades grouping most strains investigated. These clades also possessed distinct patterns of antimicrobial resistance genes, which correlated with acquisition of different integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs). Some of these ICEs were found to be integrated at a recombination hot spot, previously identified as the site of integration of the 89K pathogenicity island in serotype 2 ST7 S. suis strains. Our results highlight the limitations of MLST for phylogenetic analysis of S. suis, and the importance of lateral gene transfer and recombination as drivers of diversity in this swine pathogen and zoonotic agent.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Complete genome sequence of MIDG2331, a genetically tractable serovar 8 clinical isolate of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.

We report here the complete annotated genome sequence of a clinical serovar 8 isolate Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae MIDG2331. Unlike the serovar 8 reference strain 405, MIDG2331 is amenable to genetic manipulation via natural transformation as well as conjugation, making it ideal for studies of gene function. Copyright © 2016 Bossé et al.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Campylobacter fetus subspecies contain conserved type IV secretion systems on multiple genomic islands and plasmids.

The features contributing to differences in pathogenicity of the Campylobacter fetus subspecies are unknown. Putative factors involved in pathogenesis are located in genomic islands that encode a type IV secretion system (T4SS) and fic domain (filamentation induced by cyclic AMP) proteins, which may disrupt host cell processes. In the genomes of 27 C. fetus strains, three phylogenetically-different T4SS-encoding regions (T4SSs) were identified: one was located in both the chromosome and in extra-chromosomal plasmids; one was located exclusively in the chromosome; and one exclusively in extra-chromosomal plasmids. We observed that C. fetus strains can contain multiple T4SSs and that homologous T4SSs can be present both in chromosomal genomic islands (GI) and on plasmids in the C. fetus strains. The GIs of the chromosomally located T4SS differed mainly by the presence of fic genes, insertion sequence elements and phage-related or hypothetical proteins. Comparative analysis showed that T4SS sequences, inserted in the same locations, were conserved in the studied C. fetus genomes. Using phylogenetic analysis of the T4SSs, it was shown that C. fetus may have acquired the T4SS regions from other Campylobacter species by horizontal gene transfer. The identified T4SSs and fic genes were found in Cff and Cfv strains, although the presence of T4SSs and fic genes were significantly associated with Cfv strains. The T4SSs and fic genes could not be associated with S-layer serotypes or geographical origin of the strains.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Complete genome sequence and methylome of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Cerro, a frequent dairy cow serovar.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Cerro is an infrequent pathogen of humans and other mammals but is frequently isolated from the hindgut of asymptomatic cattle in the United States. To further understand the genomic determinants of S. Cerro specificity for the bovine hindgut, the genome of isolate CFSAN001588 was fully sequenced and deposited in the GenBank database. Copyright © 2016 Haley et al.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

First complete genome sequence of the Dutch veterinary Coxiella burnetii strain NL3262, originating from the largest global Q fever outbreak, and draft genome sequence of its epidemiologically linked chronic human isolate NLhu3345937

The largest global Q fever outbreak occurred in The Netherlands during 2007 to 2010. Goats and sheep were identified as the major sources of disease. Here, we report the first complete genome sequence of Coxiella burnetiigoat outbreak strain NL3262 and that of an epidemiologically linked chronic human strain, both having the outbreak-related CbNL01multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) genotype. Copyright © 2016 Kuley et al.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Complete genome sequence of pseudorabies virus reference strain NIA3 using single-molecule real-time sequencing.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the causative agent of Aujeszky’s disease in pigs. PRV strains are also used as model organisms for the study of alphaherpesvirus biology or for neuronal pathway studies. We present here the complete genome of the virulent wild-type PRV reference strain NIA3, determined by single-molecule real-time sequencing. Copyright © 2016 Mathijs et al.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Complete genome sequence of highly virulent Haemophilus parasuis serotype 11 strain SC1401.

Haemophilus parasuis, a normal Gram-negative bacterium, may cause Glässer’s disease and pneumonia in pigs. This study aims to identify the genes related to natural competence of the serotype 11 strain SC1401, which frequently shows competence and high pathogenicity. SC1401 shows many differences from strains without natural competence within the molecular basis. We performed complete genome sequencing together with restriction modification system analysis to lay the foundation for later study. Copyright © 2016 Dai et al.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Genome sequence of Bibersteinia trehalosi strain Y31 isolated from the pneumonic lung of a bighorn sheep.

Here, we report the genome sequence for Bibersteinia trehalosi strain Y31, isolated from the lungs of a bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) that had succumbed to pneumonia, which exhibits proximity-dependent inhibition (PDI) of Mannheimia haemolytica The sequence will be used to understand the mechanism of PDI for these organisms. Copyright © 2016 Kugadas et al.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Comparative methylome analysis of the occasional ruminant respiratory pathogen Bibersteinia trehalosi.

We examined and compared both the methylomes and the modification-related gene content of four sequenced strains of Bibersteinia trehalosi isolated from the nasopharyngeal tracts of Nebraska cattle with symptoms of bovine respiratory disease complex. The methylation patterns and the encoded DNA methyltransferase (MTase) gene sets were different between each strain, with the only common pattern being that of Dam (GATC). Among the observed patterns were three novel motifs attributable to Type I restriction-modification systems. In some cases the differences in methylation patterns corresponded to the gain or loss of MTase genes, or to recombination at target recognition domains that resulted in changes of enzyme specificity. However, in other cases the differences could be attributed to differential expression of the same MTase gene across strains. The most obvious regulatory mechanism responsible for these differences was slipped strand mispairing within short sequence repeat regions. The combined action of these evolutionary forces allows for alteration of different parts of the methylome at different time scales. We hypothesize that pleiotropic transcriptional modulation resulting from the observed methylomic changes may be involved with the switch between the commensal and pathogenic states of this common member of ruminant microflora.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Whole-genome sequence of Mycoplasma bovis strain Ningxia-1.

A genome sequence of the Mycoplasma bovis Ningxia-1 strain was tested by Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology. The strain was isolated from a lesioned calf lung in 2013 in Pengyang, Ningxia, China. The single circular chromosome of 1,033,629 bp shows differences between complete Mycoplasma bovis genome in insertion-like sequences (ISs), integrative conjugative elements (ICEs), lipoproteins (LPs), variable surface lipoproteins (VSPs), pathogenicity islands (PAIs), etc. Copyright © 2018 Sun et al.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Draft genome assembly of the sheep scab mite, Psoroptes ovis.

Sheep scab, caused by infestation with Psoroptes ovis, is highly contagious, results in intense pruritus, and represents a major welfare and economic concern. Here, we report the first draft genome assembly and gene prediction of P. ovis based on PacBio de novo sequencing. The ~63.2-Mb genome encodes 12,041 protein-coding genes. Copyright © 2018 Burgess et al.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Genome sequences of five Mycobacterium bovis strains isolated from farmed animals and wildlife in Canada.

Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, an infectious disease that affects both animals and humans and thus presents a risk to public health and the livestock industry. Here, we report the genome sequences of five Mycobacterium bovis strains that represent major genotype clusters observed in farmed animals and wildlife in Canada.© Crown copyright 2018.

Read more
July 7, 2019  |  

Complete genome sequence of Moraxella bovis strain Epp-63 (300), an etiologic agent of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis.

We report here the complete closed genome sequence of Moraxella bo- vis strain Epp-63 (300) (Epp63). This strain was isolated from an infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) case in 1963. Since then, Epp63 has been used extensively for IBK research. Consequently, the genome sequence of Epp63 should help eluci- date IBK host-pathogen interactions.

Read more

Subscribe for blog updates:

Talk with an expert

If you have a question, need to check the status of an order, or are interested in purchasing an instrument, we're here to help.