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July 7, 2019

Complete genome sequence of ionizing radiation-resistant Hymenobacter sp. strain PAMC26628 isolated from an Arctic lichen.

Ionizing radiation-resistant Hymenobacter sp. strain PAMC26628 was isolated from Stereocaulon sp., an Arctic lichen. Complete genome sequencing of Hymenobacter sp. PAMC26628 revealed one chromosome (5,277,381bp), one plasmid (89,596bp), and several genes involved in nucleotide excision repair, a DNA damage removal pathway. An analysis of the Hymenobacter sp. PAMC26628 genome will help us understand its evolution and provide novel insight into the adaptations that allow this organism to survive in the extreme cold of the Arctic. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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July 7, 2019

Complete genome sequence of Burkholderia sp. strain PAMC28687, a potential octopine-utilizing bacterium isolated from Antarctica lichen.

We report the complete genome sequence of Burkholderia sp. PAMC28687, which was isolated from the Antarctica lichen Useea sp., for better understanding of its catabolic traits in utilizing octopine as a source of carbon/nitrogen between Burkholderia and lichen. The genome consists of three circular chromosomes with five circular plasmids for the total 6,881,273bp sized genome with a G+C content of 58.14%. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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July 7, 2019

Complete genome sequence of Streptococcus thermophilus MN-BM-A01, a strain with high exopolysaccharides production.

Streptococcus thermophilus MN-BM-A01 (ST MN-BM-A01) (CGMCC No. 11383) was a strain isolated from Yogurt Block in Gansu, China. The yogurt fermented with this strain has good flavor, acidity, and viscosity. Moreover, ST MN-BM-A01 could produce a high level of EPS which can confer the yogurt with improved rheological properties. We reported the complete genome sequence of ST MN-BM-A01 that contains 1,876,516bp encoding 1704 coding sequences (CDSs), 67 tRNA genes and 6 rRNA operons. The genomic sequence indicated that this strain included a 35.3-kb gene cluster involved in EPS biosynthesis. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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July 7, 2019

Complete genome sequence of thiosulfate-oxidizing Bosea sp. strain PAMC26642 isolated from an Arctic lichen.

Thiosulfate-oxidizing Bosea sp. strain PAMC26642 was isolated from the Arctic lichen Stereocaulon sp. Complete genome sequencing of Bosea sp. PAMC26642 revealed several genes involved in thiosulfate oxidation. An analysis of the Bosea sp. PAMC26642 genome will provide novel insight into the genetic basis of its physiology and enable further analysis of key genes in the thiosulfate oxidation pathway. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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July 7, 2019

Complete genome sequence of opine-utilizing Variovorax sp. strain PAMC28711 isolated from an Antarctic lichen.

We report the complete genome sequence of Variovorax sp. strain PAMC28711 isolated from the Antarctic lichen Himantormia sp. Whole genome sequencing revealed opine oxidase- and octopine dehydrogenase-related gene clusters that are involved in octopine utilization. These data will lead to future genetic and biochemical studies on the unusual catabolic traits of opine and octopine utilization in extremely cold environments. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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July 7, 2019

Complete genome sequence of carotenoid-producing Microbacterium sp. strain PAMC28756 isolated from an Antarctic lichen.

Microbacterium sp. strain PAMC28756, of the family Microbacteriaceae, was isolated from Stereocaulon sp., an Antarctic lichen. Complete genome sequencing of Microbacterium sp. PAMC28756 revealed, for the first time in the genus Microbacterium, a series of key genes involved in C50 carotenoid biosynthesis. An analysis of the Microbacterium sp. PAMC28756 genome will lead to a better understanding of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, the sequence data will provide novel insight into UV radiation resistance in extremely cold environments. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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July 7, 2019

Complete genome sequence of a psychotrophic Arthrobacter strain A3 (CGMCC 1.8987), a novel long-chain hydrocarbons producer.

Arthrobacter strain A3, a psychotrophic bacterium isolated from the Tian Shan Mountain of China, can degrade the cellulose and synthesis the long-chain hydrocarbons efficiently in low temperature. Here we report the complete genome sequence of this bacterium. The complete genome sequence of Arthrobacter strain A3, consisting of a cycle chromosome with a size of 4.26 Mbp and a cycle plasmid with a size of 194kbp. In this genome, a hydrocarbon biosynthesis gene cluster (oleA, oleB/oleC and oleD) was identified. To resistant the extreme environment, this strain contains a unique mycothiol-biosynthetic pathway (mshA-D), which has not been found in other Arthrobacter species before. The availability of this genome sequence allows us to investigate the genetic basis of adaptation to growth in a nutrient-poor permafrost environment and to evaluate of the biofuel-synthetic potential of this species. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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July 7, 2019

Mechanisms involved in acquisition of blaNDM genes by IncA/C2 and IncFIIY plasmids.

blaNDM genes confer carbapenem resistance and have been identified on transferable plasmids belonging to different incompatibility (Inc) groups. Here we present the complete sequences of four plasmids carrying a blaNDM gene, pKP1-NDM-1, pEC2-NDM-3, pECL3-NDM-1 and pEC4-NDM-6, from four clinical samples originating from four different patients. Different plasmids carry segments that align to different parts of the blaNDM region found on Acinetobacter plasmids. pKP1-NDM-1 and pEC2-NDM-3, from Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, respectively, were identified as type 1 IncA/C2 plasmids with almost identical backbones. Different regions carrying blaNDM are inserted in different locations in the antibiotic resistance island known as ARI-A and ISCR1 may have been involved in acquisition of blaNDM-3 by pEC2-NDM-3. pECL3-NDM-1 and pEC4-NDM-6, from Enterobacter cloacae and E. coli, respectively, have similar IncFIIY backbones but different regions carrying blaNDM are found in different locations. Tn3-derived Inverted-repeat Transposable Elements (TIME) appear to have been involved in acquisition of blaNDM-6 by pEC4-NDM-6 and the rmtC 16S rRNA methylase gene by IncFIIY plasmids. Characterisation of these plasmids further demonstrates that even very closely related plasmids may have acquired blaNDM genes by different mechanisms. These findings also illustrate the complex relationships between antimicrobial resistance genes, transposable elements and plasmids and provide insights into the possible routes for transmission of blaNDM genes amongst species of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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July 7, 2019

Genome sequence of Ustilaginoidea virens IPU010, a rice pathogenic fungus causing false smut.

Ustilaginoidea virens is a rice pathogenic fungus that causes false smut disease, a disease that seriously damages the yield and quality of the grain. Analysis of the U. virens IPU010 33.6-Mb genome sequence will aid in the understanding of the pathogenicity of the strain, particularly in regard to effector proteins and secondary metabolic genes. Copyright © 2016 Kumagai et al.

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July 7, 2019

High-quality draft genomes from Thermus caliditerrae YIM 77777 and T. tengchongensis YIM 77401, isolates from Tengchong, China.

The draft genomes of Thermus  tengchongensis YIM 77401 and T. caliditerrae YIM 77777 are 2,562,314 and 2,218,114 bp and encode 2,726 and 2,305 predicted genes, respectively. Gene content and growth experiments demonstrate broad metabolic capacity, including starch hydrolysis, thiosulfate oxidation, arsenite oxidation, incomplete denitrification, and polysulfide reduction. Copyright © 2016 Mefferd et al.

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July 7, 2019

Complete genome sequence of the Mycobacterium immunogenum type strain CCUG 47286.

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium immunogenum type strain CCUG 47286, a nontuberculous mycobacterium. The whole genome has 5,573,781 bp and covers as many as 5,484 predicted genes. This genome contributes to the task of closing the still-existing gap of genomes of rapidly growing mycobacterial type strains. Copyright © 2016 Jaén-Luchoro et al.

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July 7, 2019

ABO allele-level frequency estimation based on population-scale genotyping by next generation sequencing.

The characterization of the ABO blood group status is vital for blood transfusion and solid organ transplantation. Several methods for the molecular characterization of the ABO gene, which encodes the alleles that give rise to the different ABO blood groups, have been described. However, the application of those methods has so far been restricted to selected samples and not been applied to population-scale analysis.We describe a cost-effective method for high-throughput genotyping of the ABO system by next generation sequencing. Sample specific barcodes and sequencing adaptors are introduced during PCR, rendering the products suitable for direct sequencing on Illumina MiSeq or HiSeq instruments. Complete sequence coverage of exons 6 and 7 enables molecular discrimination of the ABO subgroups and many alleles. The workflow was applied to ABO genotype more than a million samples. We report the allele group frequencies calculated on a subset of more than 110,000 sampled individuals of German origin. Further we discuss the potential of the workflow for high resolution genotyping taking the observed allele group frequencies into account. Finally, sequence analysis revealed 287 distinct so far not described alleles of which the most abundant one was identified in 174 samples.The described workflow delivers high resolution ABO genotyping at low cost enabling population-scale molecular ABO characterization.

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July 7, 2019

Extensive sequencing of seven human genomes to characterize benchmark reference materials.

The Genome in a Bottle Consortium, hosted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is creating reference materials and data for human genome sequencing, as well as methods for genome comparison and benchmarking. Here, we describe a large, diverse set of sequencing data for seven human genomes; five are current or candidate NIST Reference Materials. The pilot genome, NA12878, has been released as NIST RM 8398. We also describe data from two Personal Genome Project trios, one of Ashkenazim Jewish ancestry and one of Chinese ancestry. The data come from 12 technologies: BioNano Genomics, Complete Genomics paired-end and LFR, Ion Proton exome, Oxford Nanopore, Pacific Biosciences, SOLiD, 10X Genomics GemCode WGS, and Illumina exome and WGS paired-end, mate-pair, and synthetic long reads. Cell lines, DNA, and data from these individuals are publicly available. Therefore, we expect these data to be useful for revealing novel information about the human genome and improving sequencing technologies, SNP, indel, and structural variant calling, and de novo assembly.

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July 7, 2019

Complete genomes of Bacillus coagulans S-lac and Bacillus subtilis TO-A JPC, two phylogenetically distinct probiotics.

Several spore-forming strains of Bacillus are marketed as probiotics due to their ability to survive harsh gastrointestinal conditions and confer health benefits to the host. We report the complete genomes of two commercially available probiotics, Bacillus coagulans S-lac and Bacillus subtilis TO-A JPC, and compare them with the genomes of other Bacillus and Lactobacillus. The taxonomic position of both organisms was established with a maximum-likelihood tree based on twenty six housekeeping proteins. Analysis of all probiotic strains of Bacillus and Lactobacillus reveal that the essential sporulation proteins are conserved in all Bacillus probiotic strains while they are absent in Lactobacillus spp. We identified various antibiotic resistance, stress-related, and adhesion-related domains in these organisms, which likely provide support in exerting probiotic action by enabling adhesion to host epithelial cells and survival during antibiotic treatment and harsh conditions.

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July 7, 2019

Atypical Salmonella enterica serovars in murine and human infection models: Is it time to reassess our approach to the study of salmonellosis?

Nontyphoidal Salmonella species are globally disseminated pathogens and the predominant cause of gastroenteritis. The pathogenesis of salmonellosis has been extensively studied using in vivo murine models and cell lines typically challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. Although serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium are responsible for the most of human infections reported to the CDC, several other serovars also contribute to clinical cases of salmonellosis. Despite their epidemiological importance, little is known about their infection phenotypes. Here, we report the virulence characteristics and genomes of 10 atypical S. enterica serovars linked to multistate foodborne outbreaks in the United States. We show that the murine RAW 264.7 macrophage model of infection is unsuitable for inferring human relevant differences in nontyphoidal Salmonella infections whereas differentiated human THP-1 macrophages allowed these isolates to be further characterised in a more relevant, human context.

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