A chromosome-level genome assembly of Cydia pomonella provides insights into chemical ecology and insecticide resistance.

Authors: Wan, Fanghao and Yin, Chuanlin and Tang, Rui and Chen, Maohua and Wu, Qiang and Huang, Cong and Qian, Wanqiang and Rota-Stabelli, Omar and Yang, Nianwan and Wang, Shuping and Wang, Guirong and Zhang, Guifen and Guo, Jianyang and Gu, Liuqi Aloy and Chen, Longfei and Xing, Longsheng and Xi, Yu and Liu, Feiling and Lin, Kejian and Guo, Mengbo and Liu, Wei and He, Kang and Tian, Ruizheng and Jacquin-Joly, Emmanuelle and Franck, Pierre and Siegwart, Myriam and Ometto, Lino and Anfora, Gianfranco and Blaxter, Mark and Meslin, Camille and Nguyen, Petr and Dalíková, Martina and Marec, František and Olivares, Jérôme and Maugin, Sandrine and Shen, Jianru and Liu, Jinding and Guo, Jinmeng and Luo, Jiapeng and Liu, Bo and Fan, Wei and Feng, Likai and Zhao, Xianxin and Peng, Xiong and Wang, Kang and Liu, Lang and Zhan, Haixia and Liu, Wanxue and Shi, Guoliang and Jiang, Chunyan and Jin, Jisu and Xian, Xiaoqing and Lu, Sha and Ye, Mingli and Li, Meizhen and Yang, Minglu and Xiong, Renci and Walters, James R and Li, Fei

The codling moth Cydia pomonella, a major invasive pest of pome fruit, has spread around the globe in the last half century. We generated a chromosome-level scaffold assembly including the Z chromosome and a portion of the W chromosome. This assembly reveals the duplication of an olfactory receptor gene (OR3), which we demonstrate enhances the ability of C. pomonella to exploit kairomones and pheromones in locating both host plants and mates. Genome-wide association studies contrasting insecticide-resistant and susceptible strains identify hundreds of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) potentially associated with insecticide resistance, including three SNPs found in the promoter of CYP6B2. RNAi knockdown of CYP6B2 increases C. pomonella sensitivity to two insecticides, deltamethrin and azinphos methyl. The high-quality genome assembly of C. pomonella informs the genetic basis of its invasiveness, suggesting the codling moth has distinctive capabilities and adaptive potential that may explain its worldwide expansion.

Journal: Nature communications
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12175-9
Year: 2019

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