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September 22, 2019

Cultivation and sequencing of rumen microbiome members from the Hungate1000 Collection.

Authors: Seshadri, Rekha and Leahy, Sinead C and Attwood, Graeme T and Teh, Koon Hoong and Lambie, Suzanne C and Cookson, Adrian L and Eloe-Fadrosh, Emiley A and Pavlopoulos, Georgios A and Hadjithomas, Michalis and Varghese, Neha J and Paez-Espino, David and Perry, Rechelle and Henderson, Gemma and Creevey, Christopher J and Terrapon, Nicolas and Lapebie, Pascal and Drula, Elodie and Lombard, Vincent and Rubin, Edward and Kyrpides, Nikos C and Henrissat, Bernard and Woyke, Tanja and Ivanova, Natalia N and Kelly, William J

Productivity of ruminant livestock depends on the rumen microbiota, which ferment indigestible plant polysaccharides into nutrients used for growth. Understanding the functions carried out by the rumen microbiota is important for reducing greenhouse gas production by ruminants and for developing biofuels from lignocellulose. We present 410 cultured bacteria and archaea, together with their reference genomes, representing every cultivated rumen-associated archaeal and bacterial family. We evaluate polysaccharide degradation, short-chain fatty acid production and methanogenesis pathways, and assign specific taxa to functions. A total of 336 organisms were present in available rumen metagenomic data sets, and 134 were present in human gut microbiome data sets. Comparison with the human microbiome revealed rumen-specific enrichment for genes encoding de novo synthesis of vitamin B12, ongoing evolution by gene loss and potential vertical inheritance of the rumen microbiome based on underrepresentation of markers of environmental stress. We estimate that our Hungate genome resource represents ~75% of the genus-level bacterial and archaeal taxa present in the rumen.

Journal: Nature biotechnology
DOI: 10.1038/nbt.4110
Year: 2018

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