Sequencing of Cultivated Peanut, Arachis hypogaea, Yields Insights into Genome Evolution and Oil Improvement.

Authors: Chen, Xiaoping and Lu, Qing and Liu, Hao and Zhang, Jianan and Hong, Yanbin and Lan, Haofa and Li, Haifen and Wang, Jinpeng and Liu, Haiyan and Li, Shaoxiong and Pandey, Manish K and Zhang, Zhikang and Zhou, Guiyuan and Yu, Jigao and Zhang, Guoqiang and Yuan, Jiaqing and Li, Xingyu and Wen, Shijie and Meng, Fanbo and Yu, Shanlin and Wang, Xiyin and Siddique, Kadambot H M and Liu, Zhong-Jian and Paterson, Andrew H and Varshney, Rajeev K and Liang, Xuanqiang

Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an allotetraploid crop planted in Asia, Africa, and America for edible oil and protein. To explore the origins and consequences of tetraploidy, we sequenced the allotetraploid A. hypogaea genome and compared it with the related diploid Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis genomes. We annotated 39 888 A-subgenome genes and 41 526 B-subgenome genes in allotetraploid peanut. The A. hypogaea subgenomes have evolved asymmetrically, with the B subgenome resembling the ancestral state and the A subgenome undergoing more gene disruption, loss, conversion, and transposable element proliferation, and having reduced gene expression during seed development despite lacking genome-wide expression dominance. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified more than 2 500 oil metabolism-related genes and revealed that most of them show altered expression early in seed development while their expression ceases during desiccation, presenting a comprehensive map of peanut lipid biosynthesis. The availability of these genomic resources will facilitate a better understanding of the complex genome architecture, agronomically and economically important genes, and genetic improvement of peanut.Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Journal: Molecular plant
DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.03.005
Year: 2019

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