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July 7, 2019  |  

N(6)-methyladenosine in mRNA disrupts tRNA selection and translation-elongation dynamics.

N(6)-methylation of adenosine (forming m(6)A) is the most abundant post-transcriptional modification within the coding region of mRNA, but its role during translation remains unknown. Here, we used bulk kinetic and single-molecule methods to probe the effect of m(6)A in mRNA decoding. Although m(6)A base-pairs with uridine during decoding, as shown by X-ray crystallographic analyses of Thermus thermophilus ribosomal complexes, our measurements in an Escherichia coli translation system revealed that m(6)A modification of mRNA acts as a barrier to tRNA accommodation and translation elongation. The interaction between an m(6)A-modified codon and cognate tRNA echoes the interaction between a near-cognate codon and tRNA, because delay in tRNA accommodation depends on the position and context of m(6)A within codons and on the accuracy level of translation. Overall, our results demonstrate that chemical modification of mRNA can change translational dynamics.


July 7, 2019  |  

Complete genome sequence of the novel thermophilic polyhydroxyalkanoates producer Aneurinibacillus sp. XH2 isolated from Gudao oilfield in China.

Aneurinibacillus sp. XH2 (CGMCC 1.15535) was isolated from Gudao oilfield in China. It is able to use simple carbon resources to accumulate Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) in a thermophilic fashion. Here, we describe the genomic features of this strain. The total genome size of Aneurinibacillus sp. XH2 is 3,664,835bp and contains 3441 coding sequences and 114 tRNAs. The annotated genome sequence of this strain provides the genetic basis for revealing its role as a themophilic PHAs producing bacterium. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


July 7, 2019  |  

Near-Complete Genome Sequence of Clostridium paradoxum Strain JW-YL-7.

Clostridium paradoxum strain JW-YL-7 is a moderately thermophilic anaerobic alkaliphile isolated from the municipal sewage treatment plant in Athens, GA. We report the near-complete genome sequence of C. paradoxum strain JW-YL-7 obtained by using PacBio DNA sequencing and Pilon for sequence assembly refinement with Illumina data. Copyright © 2016 Lancaster et al.


July 7, 2019  |  

High-quality draft genomes from Thermus caliditerrae YIM 77777 and T. tengchongensis YIM 77401, isolates from Tengchong, China.

The draft genomes of Thermus  tengchongensis YIM 77401 and T. caliditerrae YIM 77777 are 2,562,314 and 2,218,114 bp and encode 2,726 and 2,305 predicted genes, respectively. Gene content and growth experiments demonstrate broad metabolic capacity, including starch hydrolysis, thiosulfate oxidation, arsenite oxidation, incomplete denitrification, and polysulfide reduction. Copyright © 2016 Mefferd et al.


July 7, 2019  |  

Co-utilization of glucose and xylose by evolved Thermus thermophilus LC113 strain elucidated by (13)C metabolic flux analysis and whole genome sequencing.

We evolved Thermus thermophilus to efficiently co-utilize glucose and xylose, the two most abundant sugars in lignocellulosic biomass, at high temperatures without carbon catabolite repression. To generate the strain, T. thermophilus HB8 was first evolved on glucose to improve its growth characteristics, followed by evolution on xylose. The resulting strain, T. thermophilus LC113, was characterized in growth studies, by whole genome sequencing, and (13)C-metabolic flux analysis ((13)C-MFA) with [1,6-(13)C]glucose, [5-(13)C]xylose, and [1,6-(13)C]glucose+[5-(13)C]xylose as isotopic tracers. Compared to the starting strain, the evolved strain had an increased growth rate (~2-fold), increased biomass yield, increased tolerance to high temperatures up to 90°C, and gained the ability to grow on xylose in minimal medium. At the optimal growth temperature of 81°C, the maximum growth rate on glucose and xylose was 0.44 and 0.46h(-1), respectively. In medium containing glucose and xylose the strain efficiently co-utilized the two sugars. (13)C-MFA results provided insights into the metabolism of T. thermophilus LC113 that allows efficient co-utilization of glucose and xylose. Specifically, (13)C-MFA revealed that metabolic fluxes in the upper part of metabolism adjust flexibly to sugar availability, while fluxes in the lower part of metabolism remain relatively constant. Whole genome sequence analysis revealed two large structural changes that can help explain the physiology of the evolved strain: a duplication of a chromosome region that contains many sugar transporters, and a 5x multiplication of a region on the pVV8 plasmid that contains xylose isomerase and xylulokinase genes, the first two enzymes of xylose catabolism. Taken together, (13)C-MFA and genome sequence analysis provided complementary insights into the physiology of the evolved strain. Copyright © 2016 International Metabolic Engineering Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


July 7, 2019  |  

Complete genome sequence of the crude oil-degrading thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus sp. JS12.

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Geobacillus sp. JS12, isolated from composts located in Namhae, Korea, which shows extracellular lipolytic activities at high temperatures. An array of genes related to the utilization of lipids was identified by whole genome analysis. The genome sequence of the strain JS12 provides basic information for wider exploitation of thermostable industrial lipases. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


July 7, 2019  |  

Complete genome sequence of thermophilic Bacillus smithii type strain DSM 4216(T).

Bacillus smithii is a facultatively anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium able to use a variety of sugars that can be derived from lignocellulosic feedstocks. Being genetically accessible, it is a potential new host for biotechnological production of green chemicals from renewable resources. We determined the complete genomic sequence of the B. smithii type strain DSM 4216(T), which consists of a 3,368,778 bp chromosome (GenBank accession number CP012024.1) and a 12,514 bp plasmid (GenBank accession number CP012025.1), together encoding 3880 genes. Genome annotation via RAST was complemented by a protein domain analysis. Some unique features of B. smithii central metabolism in comparison to related organisms included the lack of a standard acetate production pathway with no apparent pyruvate formate lyase, phosphotransacetylase, and acetate kinase genes, while acetate was the second fermentation product.


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